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Roland Freisler (30 October 1893 – 3 February 1945) was a prominent Nazi lawyer and judge. He was State Secretary of the Reich Ministry of Justice and President of the People's Court (''Volksgerichtshof''), which was set up outside constitutional authority. This court handled cases of political actions against Adolf Hitler's National-Socialist regime by conducting a series of infamous trials. ==Early life== In contrast to most of the Nazi leadership, not much beyond basic detail is known about Freisler. He was born on 30 October 1893 in Celle, the son of Julius Freisler (20 August 1862 in Klantendorf, Moravia – ??), an engineer and teacher, and Charlotte Auguste Florentine Schwerdtfeger (30 April 1863 in Celle – 20 March 1932 in Kassel).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="Freisler, Karl Roland", in: Hessische Biografie )〕 He was baptised as a Protestant on 13 December. Roland had a younger brother, Oswald (29 December 1895 in Hamelin – 4 March 1939 in Berlin). Roland saw active service during World War I. He was an officer cadet in 1914, and by 1915 he was a Lieutenant.〔 He won the Iron Cross of both classes. In October 1915, after fighting and being wounded at the Eastern Front, he was captured by Russian troops. While a prisoner of war in Russia, Freisler learned Russian. He is said to have developed an interest in Marxism after the Russian Revolution; the Bolsheviks made use of him as a commissar for the camp's food supplies.〔Knopp, Guido. ''Hitler's Hitmen'', Sutton Publishing, 2000, pp. 216, 220–222, 228, 250.〕 It is also said that after the prisoner camps were dissolved in 1918, Freisler became a convinced Communist, though this is not supported by any contemporaneous documents.〔Wesel, Uwe. "Drei Todesurteile pro Tag" (Three death sentences per day), ''Die Zeit'', 3 February 2005. (Text in German ) Uwe Wesel is professor emeritus of Legal History in Berlin's Free University.〕 However, historian H. W. Koch states that after the Bolshevik Revolution, the POW camps in Russia were handed over to German administration, and the title of commissar was merely functional, not political, and that "Freisler was never a Communist, though in the early days of his NS career () he belonged to the NSDAP's left wing."〔Koch, H. W. ''In the Name of the Volk: Political Justice in Hitler's Germany'', Barnes & Noble, New York, 1997, p. 29.〕 Freisler himself rejected all accusations that he had even tentatively approached the hated enemy, but he could never fully escape the stigma of being a ''bolshie''.〔 He returned to Germany in 1920 to study law at the University of Jena, becoming a Doctor of Law in 1922. From 1924, he worked as a lawyer in Kassel. He was also elected a city councillor, as a member of the ''Völkisch-Sozialer Block'' (German, roughly "People's Social Block"), an extreme nationalist splinter party. On 24 March 1928, he married Marion Russegger.〔Jonas Hübner: ''Unrechtspflege. Roland Freisler und die hessische Justiz 1926–1941.'' (Digital Archive Marburg ).〕 Together, they had two sons, Harald and Roland. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Roland Freisler」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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